Ved lokalisert amyloidose anbefales kirurgisk eksisjon av affisert område hvis dette er klinisk indisert. Hos pasienter hvor eksisjon ikke er mulig er behandling med laser eller radioterapi en mulighet.
For pasienter under 70 år uten betydelig komorbiditet er høydosebehandling med autolog stamcellestøtte (HMAS) førstelinjebehandling.
Indukjsonsbehandling med daratumumab-CyBorDex anbefalt til alle som skal til HMAS.
Førstelinjebehandling med daratumumab-CyBorDex anbefales til alle; både som indukjsonsbehandling før HMAS og til pasienter som ikke er kandidat for HMAS.
For pasienter i Mayo stadium II og III anbefales dosejustert daratumumab-CyBorDex.
Alexion Pharmaceuticals Inc.
(2020-2027).A Study to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of CAEL-101 in Patients With Mayo Stage IIIa AL Amyloidosis (CARES)
[pågående studie].
(NCT04512235).Hentet fra https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT04512235
Alexion Pharmaceuticals Inc.
(2020-2027).A Study to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of CAEL-101 in Patients With Mayo Stage IIIb AL Amyloidosis (CARES)
[pågående studie].
(NCT04504825).Hentet fra https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT04504825
Bach-Gansmo, T.,
Hodt, A.,
Schjesvold, F. H.,
Gude, E.,
& Wien, T. N.
(2023).Skjelettscintigrafi reduserer behovet for biopsi ved mistanke om kardial amyloidose.Tidsskrift for den Norske legeforening,143(9)
Cohen, A. D.,
Landau, H.,
Scott, E. C.,
Liedtke, M.,
Kaufman, J. L.,
& Rosenzweig, M.
(2016).Safety and Efficacy of Carfilzomib (CFZ) in Previously-Treated Systemic Light-Chain (AL) Amyloidosis.Blood,128(22), 645.
Comenzo, R. L.,
& Gertz, M. A.
(2002).Autologous stem cell transplantation for primary systemic amyloidosis.Blood,99(12), 4276-82.
Comenzo, R. L.,
Reece, D.,
Palladini, G.,
Seldin, D.,
Sanchorawala, V.,
Landau, H.,
Falk, R.,
Wells, K.,
... Merlini, G.
(2012).Consensus guidelines for the conduct and reporting of clinical trials in systemic light-chain amyloidosis.Leukemia,26(11), 2317-25.
Dispenzieri, A.,
Gertz, M. A.,
Kyle, R. A.,
Lacy, M. Q.,
Burritt, M. F.,
Therneau, T. M.,
Greipp, P. R.,
Witzig, T. E.,
... Jaffe, A. S.
(2004).Serum cardiac troponins and N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide: a staging system for primary systemic amyloidosis.Journal of Clinical Oncology,22(18), 3751-7.
Falk, R. H.
(2005).Diagnosis and management of the cardiac amyloidoses.Circulation,112(13), 2047-60.
Feng, D.,
Edwards, W. D.,
Oh, J. K.,
Chandrasekaran, K.,
Grogan, M.,
Martinez, M. W.,
Syed, I. S.,
Hughes, D. A.,
... Klarich, K. W.
(2007).Intracardiac thrombosis and embolism in patients with cardiac amyloidosis.Circulation,116(21), 2420-6.
Feng, D.,
Syed, I. S.,
Martinez, M.,
Oh, J. K.,
Jaffe, A. S.,
Grogan, M.,
Edwards, W. D.,
Gertz, M. A.,
& Klarich, K. W.
(2009).Intracardiac thrombosis and anticoagulation therapy in cardiac amyloidosis.Circulation,119(18), 2490-7.
Gertz, M. A.
(2020).Immunoglobulin light chain amyloidosis: 2020 update on diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment.American journal of hematology,95(7), 848-860.
Gertz, M. A.,
Comenzo, R.,
Falk, R. H.,
Fermand, J. P.,
Hazenberg, B. P.,
Hawkins, P. N.,
Merlini, G.,
Moreau, P.,
... Grateau, G.
(2005).Definition of organ involvement and treatment response in immunoglobulin light chain amyloidosis (AL): a consensus opinion from the 10th International Symposium on Amyloid and Amyloidosis, Tours, France, 18-22 April 2004.American journal of hematology,79(4), 319-28.
Kastritis, E.,
Terpos, E.,
Roussou, M.,
Gavriatopoulou, M.,
Pamboukas, C.,
Boletis, I.,
Marinaki, S.,
Apostolou, T.,
... Dimopoulos, M. A.
(2012).A phase 1/2 study of lenalidomide with low-dose oral cyclophosphamide and low-dose dexamethasone (RdC) in AL amyloidosis.Blood,119(23), 5384-90.
Kaufman, G. P.,
Schrier, S. L.,
Lafayette, R. A.,
Arai, S.,
Witteles, R. M.,
& Liedtke, M.
(2017).Daratumumab yields rapid and deep hematologic responses in patients with heavily pretreated AL amyloidosis.Blood,130(7), 900-902.
Khwaja, J.,
Bomsztyk, J.,
Mahmood, S.,
Wisniowski, B.,
Shah, R.,
& Tailor, A.
(2022).High response rates with single-agent belantamab mafodotin in relapsed systemic AL amyloidosis.Blood cancer journal,12(9), 128.
Kourelis, T. V.,
Kumar, S. K.,
Gertz, M. A.,
Lacy, M. Q.,
Buadi, F. K.,
Hayman, S. R.,
Zeldenrust, S.,
Leung, N.,
... Dispenzieri, A.
(2013).Coexistent multiple myeloma or increased bone marrow plasma cells define equally high-risk populations in patients with immunoglobulin light chain amyloidosis.Journal of Clinical Oncology,31(34), 4319-24.
Kumar, S. K.,
Hayman, S. R.,
Buadi, F. K.,
Roy, V.,
Lacy, M. Q.,
Gertz, M. A.,
Allred, J.,
Laumann, K. M.,
... Dispenzieri, A.
(2012).Lenalidomide, cyclophosphamide, and dexamethasone (CRd) for light-chain amyloidosis: long-term results from a phase 2 trial.Blood,119(21), 4860-7.
Kyle, R. A.,
Linos, A.,
Beard, C. M.,
Linke, R. P.,
Gertz, M. A.,
O'Fallon, W. M.,
& Kurland, L. T.
(1992).Incidence and natural history of primary systemic amyloidosis in Olmsted County, Minnesota, 1950 through 1989.Blood,79(7), 1817-22.
Landau, H.,
Hassoun, H.,
Rosenzweig, M. A.,
Maurer, M.,
Liu, J.,
Flombaum, C.,
Bello, C.,
Hoover, E.,
... Comenzo, R. L.
(2013).Bortezomib and dexamethasone consolidation following risk-adapted melphalan and stem cell transplantation for patients with newly diagnosed light-chain amyloidosis.Leukemia,27(4), 823-8.
Lentzsch, S.,
Lagos, G. G.,
Comenzo, R. L.,
Zonder, J. A.,
Osman, K.,
& Pan, S.
(2020).Bendamustine With Dexamethasone in Relapsed/Refractory Systemic Light-Chain Amyloidosis: Results of a Phase II Study.Journal of Clinical Oncology,38(13), 1455–62.
Lin, G.,
Dispenzieri, A.,
Kyle, R.,
Grogan, M.,
& Brady, P. A.
(2013).Implantable cardioverter defibrillators in patients with cardiac amyloidosis.Journal of cardiovascular electrophysiology,24(7), 793-8.
Muchtar, E.,
Dispenzieri, A.,
Leung, N.,
Lacy, M. Q.,
Buadi, F. K.,
& Dingli, D.
(2018).Depth of organ response in AL amyloidosis is associated with improved survival: grading the organ response criteria.Leukemia,32(10), 2240-9.
Nienhuis, H. L.,
Bijzet, J.,
& Hazenberg, B. P.
(2016).The Prevalence and Management of Systemic Amyloidosis in Western Countries.Kidney diseases,2(1), 10-9.
Palladini, G.,
Kastritis, E.,
Maurer, M. S.,
Zonder, J.,
Minnema, M. C.,
& Wechalekar, A. D.
(2020).Daratumumab plus CyBorD for patients with newly diagnosed AL amyloidosis: safety run-in results of ANDROMEDA.Blood,136(1), 71-80.
Palladini, G.,
Milani, P.,
Foli, A.,
Basset, M.,
Russo, F.,
Perlini, S.,
& Merlini, G.
(2017).A phase 2 trial of pomalidomide and dexamethasone rescue treatment in patients with AL amyloidosis.Blood,129(15), 2120-2123.
Palladini, G.,
Schönland, S. O.,
Sanchorawala, V.,
Kumar, S.,
Wechalekar, A.,
& Hegenbart, U.
(2021).Clarification on the definition of complete haematologic response in light-chain (AL) amyloidosis.Amyloid,28(1), 1-2.
Pardanani, A.,
Witzig, T. E.,
Schroeder, G.,
McElroy, E. A.,
Fonseca, R.,
Dispenzieri, A.,
Lacy, M. Q.,
Lust, J. A.,
... Rajkumar, S. V.
(2003).Circulating peripheral blood plasma cells as a prognostic indicator in patients with primary systemic amyloidosis.Blood,101(3), 827-30.
Premkumar, V. J.,
Lentzsch, S.,
Pan, S.,
Bhutani, D.,
Richter, J.,
& Jagannath, S.
(2021).Venetoclax induces deep hematologic remissions in t(11;14) relapsed/refractory AL amyloidosis.Blood cancer journal,11(1), 10.
Rubinow, A.,
Skinner, M.,
& Cohen, A. S.
(1981).Digoxin sensitivity in amyloid cardiomyopathy.Circulation,63(6), 1285-8.
Sachchithanantham, S.,
Roussel, M.,
Palladini, G.,
Klersy, C.,
Mahmood, S.,
Venner, C. P.,
Gibbs, S.,
Gillmore, J.,
... Wechalekar, A. D.
(2016).European Collaborative Study Defining Clinical Profile Outcomes and Novel Prognostic Criteria in Monoclonal Immunoglobulin M-Related Light Chain Amyloidosis.Journal of Clinical Oncology,34(17), 2037-45.
Sanchorawala, V.,
Boccadoro, M.,
Gertz, M.,
Hegenbart, U.,
Kastritis, E.,
& Landau, H.
(2022).Guidelines for high dose chemotherapy and stem cell transplantation for systemic AL amyloidosis: EHA-ISA working group guidelines.Amyloid,29(1), 1-7.
Sanchorawala, V.,
Shelton, A. C.,
Lo, S.,
Varga, C.,
Sloan, J. M.,
& Seldin, D. C.
(2016).Pomalidomide and dexamethasone in the treatment of AL amyloidosis: results of a phase 1 and 2 trial.Blood,128(8), 1059-62.
Sanchorawala, V.,
Sun, F.,
Quillen, K.,
Sloan, J. M.,
Berk, J. L.,
& Seldin, D. C.
(2015).Long-term outcome of patients with AL amyloidosis treated with high-dose melphalan and stem cell transplantation: 20-year experience.Blood,126(20), 2345-7.
Shen, K. N.,
Fu, W. J.,
Wu, Y.,
Dong, Y. J.,
Huang, Z. X.,
& Wei, Y. Q.
(2022).Doxycycline Combined With Bortezomib-Cyclophosphamide-Dexamethasone Chemotherapy for Newly Diagnosed Cardiac Light-Chain Amyloidosis: A Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial.Circulation,145(1), 8-17.
Sher, T.,
Fenton, B.,
Akhtar, A.,
& Gertz, M. A.
(2016).First report of safety and efficacy of daratumumab in 2 cases of advanced immunoglobulin light chain amyloidosis.Blood,128(15), 1987-1989.
Wien, T. N.,
Kvam, A. K.,
Stensland, M.,
Ørstavik, K.,
Gude, E.,
Heimdal, K. R.,
... Schjesvold, F. H.
(2001).Veileder for diagnostikk og behandling av amyloidose(2 utg.)[s.l.]:[s.n.].Hentet fra https://www.helsebiblioteket.no/innhold/retningslinjer/veileder-for-diagnostikk-og-behandling-av-amyloidose